CSS selectors by no means stop to amaze me in how highly effective they are often in matching advanced patterns. Most of that flexibility is in guardian/little one/sibling relationships, very seldomly in worth matching. Take into account my shock once I realized that CSS permits matching attribute values regardless off case!
Including a {house}i to the attribute selector brackets will make the attribute worth search case insensitive:
/* case delicate, solely matches "instance" */
[class=example] {
background: pink;
}
/* case insensitive, matches "instance", "eXampLe", and so forth. */
[class=example i] {
background: lightblue;
}
The use instances for this i flag are probably very restricted, particularly if this flag is knew information for you and also you’re used to a regular lower-case commonplace. A unfastened CSS classname commonplace could have and would proceed to result in issues, so use this case insensitivity flag sparingly!
MooTools has at all times gotten a little bit of grief for not inherently utilizing and standardizing namespaced-based JavaScript courses just like the Dojo Toolkit does. Many builders create their courses as globals which is usually frowned up. I largely disagree with that stance, however every to their very own. In any occasion…
Each of the 2 nice browser distributors, Google and Mozilla, have Extensions pages that make the most of easy however elegant animation results to reinforce the web page. One of many extensions utilized by Google is a primary margin-top animation to modify between two panes: a graphic pane…
One method I am seeing increasingly lately (CNNSI.com, for instance) is AJAX recording of chosen textual content. It is smart — for those who detect customers deciding on the phrases again and again, you may in all probability assume your guests are looking out that time period on Google…
Dedicated to enhancing our clients’ translation and localization expertise, Unbabel has lately launched a number of new options geared toward delivering superior translation high quality, enhancing effectivity, and offering extra granular management.
Let’s take a more in-depth take a look at our newest product releases:
Superior Translation High quality with TowerLLM
Unbabel clients can now expertise unparalleled translation high quality withTowerLLM, our highly effective language mannequin optimized for machine translation throughout 20 language pairs. TowerLLM surpasses main fashions like GPT-4o, GPT-3.5, Google, and DeepL, making certain the best requirements of translation accuracy and consistency.
Constructed on billions of phrases of top-quality translation information, TowerLLM is designed to ship high-quality translations that preserve the which means and context of the unique content material.
Enhanced Management with Consumer Evaluate
Unbabel now gives Consumer Evaluate, permitting clients to evaluation and refine translations earlier than ultimate supply. This function permits clients to make sure translations align with their model’s type, terminology, and tone of voice.
Key advantages of Consumer Evaluate embrace:
High quality assurance: Guarantee translations are freed from errors and stylistically in keeping with model identification.
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The brand new Undertaking Degree Reporting function gives granular insights by monitoring key metrics akin to phrases translated, value, and turnaround time for accomplished tasks. This enhancement supplies clients with an in-depth understanding of mission efficiency. By analyzing spend, scale, and price for every mission, clients could make knowledgeable selections to enhance effectivity and cut back prices.
Our Reporting App now encompasses a Price tab, offering clients with detailed insights into subscription bills, utilization, and high quality metrics. Moreover, the Billing App gives entry to all bill info, balances, and present plan particulars.
Reporting in A number of Currencies
To boost value administration and transparency, we’ve launched the flexibility to toggle between currencies within the Portal. This new function permits clients to view spend and utilization of their contracted foreign money, simplifying monetary monitoring and making it simpler to handle and perceive translation bills.
Advantages embrace:
Customizable views: Toggle between Unbabel Items and the contracted foreign money (USD, EUR, GBP).
Clear visualization: Simply observe spending and remaining steadiness within the contracted foreign money.
Aligned monitoring: Perceive expenditure and plan utilization in additional acquainted phrases, making certain higher monetary management.
Companies Past Translation
We now supply a variety of extra providers designed to enrich translation tasks, making certain content material is globally accessible and to make the publishing and distribution course of smoother.
Unbabel’s File Engineering service supplies a streamlined resolution for processing recordsdata that aren’t immediately supported by our platform or require alterations earlier than and after translation. Leveraging our File Processing API and customized file filters, this service ensures standardized and correct dealing with of numerous file codecs, simplifying workflows and enhancing effectivity.
Desktop Publishing includes the meticulous technique of making ready, formatting, and finalizing translated content material to match the structure, design, and formatting of the unique doc. This service maintains the integrity of well-planned designs, enhancing visible enchantment and buyer satisfaction by seamlessly integrating translated content material into any design.
Our Subtitling service prepares subtitles for video supplies, making audiovisual content material accessible to a worldwide viewers. This service improves comprehension, retention, and search engine marketing whereas making certain skilled high quality and adherence to business requirements.
A Certificates of Accuracy from Unbabel attests {that a} translation is a real and proper copy of the unique doc. This add-on service supplies clients with verified translations for exterior functions, based mostly on a danger evaluation carried out throughout Onboarding.
These providers are charged on prime of your Unbabel subscription.
Simplified Web site Translation
Unbabel’s Bablic integration interprets your web site with an immediate, no-code method. Prospects can select from their current translation pipelines that match their pace, value, and high quality wants. The system routinely updates new content material, delivering seamless, real-time multilingual experiences with just some clicks.
Immediately translate your web site: Select from a variety of translation pipelines to effortlessly translate your web site based mostly in your preferences for pace, value, and high quality.
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At all times keep up-to-date: The system routinely detects new content material, provides languages, implements adjustments immediately, and organizes all variations with just some clicks.
These newest options are designed to reinforce Unbabel clients’ general translation and localization expertise.Schedule a free demo as we speak or in the event you’re an current buyer, attain out to your Account Supervisor to study extra.
The latest years noticed an elevated adoption of know-how in schooling, from the shift to digital studying environments to using robotics inside lecture rooms. As an example, a earlier submit highlights how collaborative robots or cobots have limitless potential not just for bettering office well being and security but additionally for reworking schooling, significantly within the context of instructing engineering. By means of open-ended, versatile programming, cobots will help college students hone their problem-solving expertise and adapt to extra advanced robotic functions.
Past cobots, one other rising know-how that demonstrates advantages in classroom settings is augmented actuality. Under, we check out what augmented actuality is and the way its functions can significantly assist college students higher perceive robotic programming.
Collagen is essentially the most considerable structural protein in mammals. *
Kind I collagen in its fibril kind has a attribute sample construction that alternates two areas known as hole and overlap. The construction and properties of collagens are extremely depending on the water and mineral content material of the surroundings. *
Within the article “Interfacial water on collagen nanoribbons by 3D AFM” Diana M. Arvelo, Clara Garcia-Sacristan, Enrique Chacón, Pedro Tarazona and Ricardo Garcia describe how they apply three dimensional atomic power microscopy (3D AFM) to characterize at angstrom-scale decision the interfacial water construction of collagen nanoribbons.*
Three-dimensional AFM (3D AFM) is an AFM methodology developed for imaging at high-spatial decision stable–liquid interfaces within the three spatial coordinates.*
This methodology has offered atomic-scale photos of hydration and solvation layers on quite a lot of inflexible and atomically flat surfaces, corresponding to mica, gibbsite, boehmite, graphite, or 2D supplies.*
Nonetheless, imaging hydration layers on comfortable supplies corresponding to collagen is more difficult than on atomically flat crystalline surfaces.*
On the one hand, the power utilized by the AFM tip would possibly deform the protein. Then again, the peak variations throughout hole and overlap areas would possibly complicate the imaging of interfacial water.*
Lately, 3D AFM has expanded its capabilities to picture interfacial water on comfortable supplies corresponding to proteins, biopolymers, DNA, lipids, membrane proteins, and cells.*
These experiments had been carried out with hydrophilic SiOx AFM ideas that are negatively charged underneath impartial pH situations.*
The imaging distinction mechanisms and the position of the AFM tip’s composition on the noticed solvation construction are underneath dialogue.*
Extra usually, each concept and experiments carried out with very excessive salt concentrations indicated that the distinction noticed in 3D AFM displays an interaction between water particle and floor cost density distributions.*
For his or her article the authors apply 3D AFM to check at molecular-scale spatial decision the construction of interfacial water on collagen nanoribbons.*
Diana M. Arvelo et al. examine the affect of the AFM tip’s cost and the salt focus on the interfacial solvent construction. They report that the interfacial construction is determined by the water particle and ion cost density distributions. A non-charged AFM tip reveals the formation of hydration layers on each hole and overlap areas. A negatively charged AFM tip reveals that on a niche area, the solvation construction would possibly depart from that of the hydration layers. This impact is attributed to the adsorption of ions from the answer. These ions occupy the voids present between collagen molecules within the hole area. *
A house-made three-dimensional AFM was applied on a commercially obtainable AFM. 3D AFM was carried out within the amplitude modulation mode by thrilling the AFM cantilever at its first eigenmode. On the identical time when the AFM cantilever oscillates with respect to its equilibrium place, a sinusoidal sign is utilized to the z-piezo to change the relative z-distance between the pattern and the AFM tip. *
Diana M. Arvelo et al. have used z-piezo displacements with amplitudes of two.0 nm and a interval (frequency) of 10 ms (100 Hz). The z-piezo sign is synchronized with the xy-displacements in such a method that for every xy-position on the floor of the fabric, the AFM tip performs a single and full z-cycle. The z-data are learn out each 10.24 µs and saved in 512 pixels (256 pixels per half cycle). Every xy-plane of the 3D map comprises 80 × 64 pixels. Therefore, the whole time to accumulate such a 3D-AFM picture is 52 s.*
The 3D AFM experiments had been carried out with two varieties of AFM probes with completely different floor chemistries which have completely different chemical properties in aqueous options.*
The high-density carbon/diamond-like AFM ideas grown on quartz-like AFM cantilevers that Diana M. Arvelo et al. et al used ( NanoWorld Extremely-Brief CantileversUSC-F1.2-k7.3 for high-speed AFM) stay uncharged at pH 7.4 and are known as “impartial” AFM ideas within the article.
The silicon AFM cantilevers with silicon AFM ideas (NanoWorld Arrow-UHFAuD ultra-high frequency AFM probes) are negatively charged at impartial pH (silicon ideas for brief within the textual content) and had been used to look at the formation of collagen nanoribbons.
All silicon AFM ideas are readily oxidized and are normally coated by a skinny native oxide layer which is hydrophilic.
The hydroxyl teams on the floor of the silicon AFM tip change into negatively charged whereas the carbon AFM ideas stay impartial (unchanged).
To picture at angstrom-scale decision, the interfacial water construction on the collagen requires lowering the lateral and vertical imaging sizes, respectively, to five and 1.5 nm.*
First, the authors introduce the outcomes obtained with carbon-based ideas (uncharged, NanoWorld Extremely-Brief CantileversUSC-F1.2-k7.3 for high-speed AFM). Determine 2 (of the cited article) reveals some consultant 2D power xz panels obtained on hole and overlap areas of a collagen nanoribbon in a focus of 300 mM KCl. The panels are extracted from a 3D AFM picture. The interlayer distances in a niche area are d1 = 0.28 nm and d2 = 0.33 nm (common values) [Fig. 2(a)], whereas these in an overlap area are d1 = 0.29 and d2 = 0.32 nm (common values) [Fig. 2(b)]. These values coincide inside the experimental error with the values anticipated for hydration layers on hydrophilic surfaces.
Subsequent, the authors repeated the experiment utilizing different salt concentrations. Determine 2(c) reveals that the interlayers distances (inside the experimental error) don’t rely upon the salt focus or the collagen area. Diana M. Arvelo et al. comment that entropic results make the second layer extra disordered than the primary; due to this fact, d2 ≥ d1.
The construction and properties of collagens are extremely depending on the water and mineral content material of the surroundings.
For a impartial AFM tip (USC-F1.2-k7.3), the interfacial water construction is characterised by the oscillation of the water particle density distribution with a price of 0.3 nm (hydration layers). The interfacial construction doesn’t rely upon the collagen area.
Hydration layers are noticed in overlap areas, whereas in hole areas, the interfacial solvent construction is dominated by electrostatic interactions. These interactions generate interlayer distances of 0.2 nm.
The achieved outcomes nonetheless have to be defined by the idea of 3D AFM. Extra detailed theoretical simulations, that are past the scope of the cited examine, will probably be required to quantitatively clarify the interlayer distances noticed over hole areas.
Nonetheless, the outcomes introduced by the authors spotlight the potential of 3D AFM to determine the solvent constructions on proteins and the complexity of these interfaces.*
Determine 2 from Diana M. Arvelo et al. 2024 “Interfacial water on collagen nanoribbons by 3D AFM” Interfacial liquid water construction on collagen offered by an uncharged tip. (a) 2D power maps (x, y) of the interfacial water construction within the hole area. The map is obtained in a 300 mM KCl answer. The power–distance curves within the backside of the picture are obtained from the highest panel. (b) 2D power maps (x, y) of the interfacial water construction within the overlap area. The power–distance curves within the backside of the picture are obtained from the highest panel. (c) Statistics of d1 and d2 distances measured from a number of collagen–water interfaces. The person power–distance curves from the underside panels of (a) and (b) are plotted in grey. The typical power–distance curve is highlighted by a thick steady line. The experiments are carried out with USC-F1.2-k7.3 cantilevers. Experimental parameters: f = 745 kHz; okay = 6.7 N m−1; Q = 8.3; A0 = 150 pm; Asp = 100 pm.
Determine 3 from Diana M. Arvelo et al. 2024 “Interfacial water on collagen nanoribbons by 3D AFM” Interfacial liquid water construction on collagen offered by a negatively charged tip. (a) 2D power maps (x, y) of the interfacial water construction within the hole area. The map is obtained in a 300 mM KCl answer. The power–distance curves within the backside of the picture are obtained from the highest panel. (b) 2D power maps (x, y) of the interfacial water construction within the overlap area. The power–distance curves within the backside of the picture are obtained from the highest panel. (c) Statistics of d1 and d2 distances measured from a number of collagen–water interfaces. Within the backside panels of (a) and (b), the person power–distance curves from the underside panels of (a) and (b) are plotted in grey. The typical power–distance curve is highlighted by a thick steady line. The pictures had been captured utilizing ArrowUHF AuD cantilevers. Experimental parameters: f = 745 kHz; okay = 8.3 N m−1; Q = 4.5; A0 = 170 pm; Asp = 100 pm.
*Diana M. Arvelo, Clara Garcia-Sacristan, Enrique Chacón, Pedro Tarazona and Ricardo Garcia Interfacial water on collagen nanoribbons by 3D AFM Journal of Chemical Physics 160, 164714 (2024) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0205611
The article “Interfacial water on collagen nanoribbons by 3D AFM” by Diana M. Arvelo, Clara Garcia-Sacristan, Enrique Chacón, Pedro Tarazona and Ricardo Garcia is licensed underneath a Inventive Commons Attribution 4.0 Worldwide License, which allows use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and replica in any medium or format, so long as you give acceptable credit score to the unique writer(s) and the supply, present a hyperlink to the Inventive Commons license, and point out if adjustments had been made. The pictures or different third-party materials on this article are included within the article’s Inventive Commons license, except indicated in any other case in a credit score line to the fabric. If materials isn’t included within the article’s Inventive Commons license and your supposed use isn’t permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will want to acquire permission straight from the copyright holder. To view a duplicate of this license, go to https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
All of us wish to shield the local weather. Why wouldn’t we? It’s the mechanism by which human life prospers.
The impacts of local weather air pollution, although, are affecting us all. The results embrace warming temperatures, adjustments in precipitation, will increase within the frequency or depth of some excessive climate occasions, and rising sea ranges. These reverberations threaten our well being by affecting the meals we eat, the water we drink, the air we breathe, and the climate we expertise.
Primary rights to life, well being, meals, shelter, and security are not assured. If you wish to consider the sensible results of local weather change, then take into account this: local weather change is projected to trigger the deaths of 1 billion individuals by the tip of this century if common warming reaches or exceeds 2°C. Governments world wide needs to be regulating emissions and air pollution, but many fail to take action.
Worldwide regulation is floor within the legally binding Paris local weather settlement, the place nations pledged to maintain common temperatures inside 1.5 °C of pre-industrial ranges. But the Paris settlement lacks an enforcement mechanism, so shouldn’t courts be certain that nationwide and worldwide governmental our bodies be held accountable for his or her local weather guarantees?
Actually, circumstances have been piling up as activists head to the courts to guard the local weather. They’ve requested for selections about company greenwashing, safety from local weather change as a human proper, even compensation from companies for climate-related harms underneath the “polluter pays” precept.
Over the previous few years there have been increasingly efforts to deal with local weather change via the courts. The Intergovernmental Panel on Local weather Change (IPCC) has acknowledged human rights-based local weather litigation as an vital strategy to driving extra bold local weather motion and has acknowledged that, if profitable, local weather litigation “can result in a rise in a rustic’s total ambition to sort out local weather change.”
As a latest article in Natureoutlined, the Worldwide Courtroom of Justice (ICJ), which is the United Nations’ principal judicial organ in The Hague, the Netherlands, will start listening to proof on two broad questions.
What are international locations’ obligations in worldwide regulation to guard the local weather system from anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions?
What ought to the authorized penalties be for states when their actions — or failure to behave — trigger hurt?
For instance, the Lancet, a journal which illuminates medical science, argues that the trail to mitigating local weather impacts requires a concerted effort that transcends nationwide borders, emphasizing international solidarity, each shared and nationwide duty, and an unwavering dedication to justice and fairness. They are saying that incorporating human rights into local weather motion emphasizes the crucial to guard probably the most susceptible populations, guaranteeing their proper to well being, security, and a sustainable surroundings.
Will governments communicate to the ICJ, not simply in their very own nationwide pursuits, however as advocates for a residing planet the place individuals and nature can thrive in concord, now and into the longer term? That’s the query that Adil Najam, president of the WWF, posed earlier this month in an editorial. Najam calls on scientists and residents world wide to again the ICJ, saying that this worldwide court docket’s opinion “will amplify the voices of tens of millions of scientists and residents who’re demanding sturdy ambition and motion on local weather and nature safety.”
Ought to courts even be getting concerned in what might be referred to as political processes, as many pundits pose? Shouldn’t governments that lack enforcement mechanisms legislate to compensate for such gaps? Contemplating the excessive dangers that opposed results of local weather change are inflicting, it is smart for governments to maneuver ahead with probably the most efficacious routes for local weather options. A mitigating issue presents itself, nevertheless, and revolves round a social dilemma — sure, all people would profit most from cooperating in regional court docket selections that shield the local weather, however many representatives defect because of conflicting pursuits that dissuade them from joint motion.
So, as described in a 2023 article within the Cambridge College Press, the dramatic improve in local weather litigation over the previous decade is “a manifestation of local weather motion democratization” and a response to weak governmental and company local weather mitigation. Worldwide regulation on local weather change gives “fertile floor for judicial improvement” as a result of, though the Paris settlement is formally binding, states’ obligations “are sparse and open-textured.”
Courts will be change brokers and stress legislative entities to take decisive motion. Because of this, till such a time as extra legislative our bodies settle for duty for local weather circumstances, it is going to be as much as the ICJ to adjudicate. The ICJ would be the court docket of highest normal and can set out duty parameters for local weather harm and entities’ obligations to guard the local weather.
Courtroom Circumstances That Problem Governments To Shield The Atmosphere
At the very least 230 new local weather circumstances had been filed in 2023, based on the Grantham Analysis Institute on Local weather Change and the Atmosphere. Actually, by the tip of final 12 months, 2,666 local weather litigation circumstances had been filed worldwide. Many of those are in search of to carry governments and firms accountable for local weather motion. The claimants are younger and previous and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), all of whom wish to maintain governments and firms accountable for his or her local weather pledges and name for advisory opinions from nationwide, regional, and worldwide courts.
Listed below are among the newer local weather court docket circumstances.
Sixteen younger plaintiffs sued the state of Montana, claiming it failed to offer the protections afforded to them underneath the regulation to offer residents with a “clear and healthful surroundings.” The court docket dominated in favor of the plaintiffs, deciding that the state has harmed the surroundings and the younger plaintiffs by stopping Montana from contemplating the local weather impacts of vitality tasks.
In Could, courts in Germany and the UK individually discovered that their authorities’s insurance policies would fail to satisfy emissions-reduction targets which are set out in regulation.
Final September, California launched authorized motion towards 5 of the world’s largest oil corporations — BP, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, Exxon, and Shell — and their subsidiaries, demanding that they pay “for the prices of their impacts to the surroundings, human well being and Californians’ livelihoods, and to assist shield the state towards the harms that local weather change will trigger in years to return.”
Brazil’s public prosecutor’s workplace and the Brazilian Institute of the Atmosphere and Renewable Pure Sources are in search of compensation for harms particularly from greenhouse fuel emissions brought on by unlawful deforestation.
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