It was beforehand thought that studying behaviours solely utilized to animals with complicated mind and nervous programs, however a brand new research has confirmed that this may occasionally additionally happen in particular person cells.
Because of this, this new proof could change how we understand life itself…
The brand new analysis printed on November 19 in Present Biology has discovered proof of habituation – which may be outlined as a sort of studying whereby you get so used to one thing in your setting that you simply cease noticing it, like noise or sound for instance – inside single-cell creatures equivalent to ciliates and amoebae.
We started the I/O season with a particular version of The Android Present, the place we launched the newest evolution of Materials Design, Materials 3 Expressive.
Materials 3 Expressive provides a brand new movement physics system, new sort kinds for variable and static fonts, an expanded form library with morphing animations, and an expanded vary of colours. Fifteen new or up to date parts now characteristic extra configuration capabilities, form choices, emphasised textual content, and different expressive updates. The Materials crew has a put up the place you may learn all about it, together with design techniques.
At I/O Construct next-level UX with Materials 3 Expressive lined how one can use the brand new expressive design patterns; breaking down the analysis, explaining new pointers, and together with new design recordsdata + code.
The Android Design at Google I/O 2025 put up lined how one can use new emotional design patterns to spice up engagement, usability, and need, whereas ensuring your app is up to date with the newest Android 16 accessibility options like enhanced darkish themes and elevated textual content distinction. It covers designing throughout Android type elements with Gemini in-car and the brand new Automobile UI Design Package. Be taught new methods Google TV helps customers have interaction with content material and discover bringing 3D fashions to Android XR. WearOS can be releasing an up to date design equipment and studying Pathway.
New Android design steering contains in-app settings, assist and suggestions, widget configuration, and edge-to-edge design. You can even discover new and up to date assets at figma.com/@androiddesign.
The Android Present additionally lined how we’re bringing Materials 3 expressive to watches with Put on OS 6, and at I/O we launched the Put on OS 6 developer preview, permitting you to check your apps utilizing the Put on OS 6 emulator.
Put on OS 6 introduces Watch Face Format v4 with a brand new Watch Face Push API, designed to help watch face marketplaces.
Model 4 additionally brings new options just like the Images ingredient for user-selectable images and transitions when exiting and coming into ambient mode. Coloration Transforms are prolonged to extra components, with new capabilities for manipulating shade. The Reference ingredient allows you to consult with any transformable attribute from one a part of your watch face scene in different elements of the scene tree, and all that’s detailed within the What’s new in Watch Faces put up.
Google introduced the newest developments for in-car experiences at I/O.
Gemini is coming to autos. Navigation apps can combine with Gemini utilizing three core intent codecs, permitting you to start out navigation and show related search outcomes. Gemini for vehicles will probably be rolling out within the coming months.
The Climate app class has graduated from beta, so now you can publish climate apps to manufacturing tracks on each Android Auto and vehicles with Google Constructed-in.
Android Auto now helps media apps, communications apps, and video games in beta.
It’s now attainable for apps within the parked classes to distribute in the identical APK or App Bundle to vehicles with Google built-in as to telephones.
Video apps will probably be supported on Android Auto, beginning with telephones working Android 16 on choose appropriate vehicles.
Work is being finished to allow 1000’s of adaptive cell apps for Android Automotive OS vehicles working Android 14+ with Google built-in.
Up to date design documentation will visualize automotive app high quality pointers and integration paths to simplify designing your app for vehicles.
Google Play Companies for vehicles with Google built-in are increasing to convey them on-par with cell, together with Passkeys/Credential Supervisor APIs and Fast Share.
Work is being finished with OEMs to allow audio-only listening for video apps whereas driving for vehicles with Google built-in.
Firebase Take a look at Lab is including Android Automotive OS units to its gadget catalog
Pre-launch stories for Android Automotive OS are coming quickly to the Play Console.
Google TV has over 270 million month-to-month energetic units. New platform options and developer instruments can be found that can assist you enhance app engagement.
Gemini capabilities are coming to Google TV, permitting customers to talk naturally to search out content material and solutions, together with related content material out of your apps.
Compose for TV 1.0 is now steady, increasing on core and Materials Compose libraries. The newest launch improves app startup, with inside benchmarking displaying a 20% enchancment in comparison with the March 2024 launch. Take a look at the up to date Jetcaster audio streaming app pattern for steering on utilizing Compose throughout type elements.
Associate enrollment is open for the Video Discovery API, which optimizes Resumption, Entitlements, and Suggestions throughout Google TV. With the API, you may show a person’s paused video within the ‘Proceed Watching’ row and streamline entitlement administration. Personalised content material suggestions based mostly on watched content material are additionally highlighted.
A codelab is on the market that evaluations how one can set preliminary focus, put together for surprising focus traversal, and effectively restore focus.
The In-App Scores and Evaluations API is prolonged to TV. The API lets you immediate customers for rankings and evaluations straight from Google TV.
With Android 16 for TV, you’ll be capable to entry options such because the MediaQualityManager, platform help for the Eclipsa Audio codec, enhancements to media playback pace, and HDMI-CEC reliability and efficiency optimizations.
The Android XR SDK Developer Preview 2 is now accessible, that includes updates to Jetpack XR, Jetpack Compose, Materials Design, ARCore, and the Android XR Emulator.
Key updates embrace:
Android XR will probably be accessible first on Samsung’s Mission Moohan, launching later this yr. Quickly after, our companions at XREAL will launch the subsequent Android XR gadget, codenamed Mission Aura.
In right now’s multi-device world, customers anticipate their favourite functions to work flawlessly and intuitively, whether or not they’re on a smartphone, pill, or Chromebook. At Google I/O 2025, we explored adaptive app improvement as a basic technique to verify your identical cell app runs properly throughout telephones, foldables, tablets, Chromebooks, linked shows, XR, and vehicles.
The article covers instruments and libraries to assist construct adaptive apps:
The Compose Adaptive Layouts library implements canonical structure patterns like list-detail and supporting pane that routinely reflow as your app is resized, flipped or folded. New adaptation methods like “Levitate” and “Reflow” have been launched within the 1.2 alpha launch.
Jetpack Navigation 3 (Alpha) simplifies defining person journeys throughout screens with much less boilerplate code, particularly for multi-pane layouts in Compose.
Compose previews visualize your layouts throughout all kinds of display screen sizes and side ratios for fast suggestions.
Testing adaptive layouts is essential and Android Studio presents varied instruments for validation — together with previews for various sizes and side ratios, a resizable emulator, screenshot checks, and instrumented habits checks. Journeys with Gemini in Android Studio, permit you to outline checks utilizing pure language for much more sturdy testing throughout totally different window sizes.
Be aware, starting in Android 16 manifest and runtime restrictions on orientation, resizability, and side ratio will probably be ignored on massive shows (shows which are not less than 600dp in each dimensions) for apps concentrating on SDK 36. Your apps will want help runtime resizing, with layouts that work for each portrait and panorama home windows.
There’s a short lived opt-out manifest flag at each the appliance and exercise stage to delay these modifications till targetSdk 37.
These modifications don’t presently apply to apps within the “Video games” class
The article and I/O speak covers all this and extra in extra element.
See how Peacock used Jetpack Compose and the WindowSizeClass API to adapt its Android app for varied display screen sizes, together with foldables and future Android XR units.
New APIs: Summarization, Proofreading, Rewriting, and Picture Description APIs constructed with Gemini Nano, LoRA adapters, optimized inference parameters, and a high quality analysis pipeline. The feature-specific fine-tuning will increase the benchmark scores for every API.
On-System Focus: The on-device processing ensures knowledge privateness, offline performance, and eliminates API name prices.
Future Enlargement: Count on multilingual help and multimodal textual content/picture enter capabilities.
Sources: Take a look at goo.gle/mlkit-genai and d.android.com/ai for extra particulars.
Whereas the Android bulletins have been centered on on-device AI, Google I/O had periods about leveraging cloud fashions in addition to hybrid approaches.
Discovering the proper Gemini match on Android is an summary of AI choices, with steering round contemplating the modality, complexity, and context window of your app’s AI wants to decide on the precise fashions and infrastructure.
Improve your Android app with Gemini Professional and Flash, and Imagen covers how one can combine Google’s generative AI fashions, Gemini Professional and Flash, into your apps utilizing the Firebase SDK. This offers entry to functionalities like textual content, picture, audio, and video processing. The Gemini Developer API presents a no-cost tier and scalable plans. Moreover, Imagen 3 is on the market through Firebase for producing visuals and enhancing current screens (presently in public preview). You might be inspired to make use of App Examine to guard app property and site visitors monitoring within the Firebase console.
What’s new in Android spans each this and the subsequent episode of Now in Android. This episode focuses on high Android 16 developer updates.
With Android 16, we’ve added the idea of a minor SDK launch to permit us to iterate our APIs extra rapidly, reflecting the speedy tempo of the innovation Android is bringing to apps and units.
Stay Updates notify customers of vital ongoing user-facing progress and include a brand new ProgressStyle standardized template.
Digital credentials and restore credentials APIs in credential supervisor.
Privateness Sandbox updates, together with a brand new studying pathway
Superior Safety Mode and Identification Examine
Medical Information in Well being Join together with new permissions and help for background reads of well being knowledge.
Even in case you aren’t but concentrating on Android 16:
Once your app targets Android 16:
Get your app prepared for the future:
Native community safety: Take into account testing your app with the upcoming Native Community Safety characteristic. It should give customers extra management over which apps can entry units on their native community in a future Android main launch.
In honor of Android 16, Google I/O ’25 featured 16 key bulletins for Android builders:
Generative AI: Use ML Package GenAI APIs with Gemini Nano for duties like summarization and picture description. You should use Gemini Professional, Gemini Flash, and Imagen through Firebase AI Logic for extra advanced duties, and you can even use the brand new AI pattern app, Androidify.
Adaptive Apps: Construct a single cell app that works throughout units to succeed in 500 million units. Use Compose Layouts library and Jetpack Navigation updates.
Materials 3 Expressive: Use Materials 3 Expressive to reinforce your product’s attraction by harnessing emotional UX.
Widgets: Personalize widget previews with Look 1.2. Use Stay Updates to inform customers of vital ongoing notifications.
Digital camera & Media: Use software program low mild enhance for improved pictures in dim lighting and native PCM offload for battery conservation.
Automobiles: Construct in-car experiences utilizing Gemini integrations, help for extra app classes, and enhanced capabilities for media and communication apps. Use testing instruments like Android Automotive OS on Pixel Pill and Firebase Take a look at Lab entry.
Android XR: Use Developer Preview 2 of the Android XR SDK, and construct for the increasing ecosystem of units.
Put on OS: Put on OS 6 options Materials 3 Expressive, a brand new UI design with customized visuals and movement for person creativity.
Google TV: Compose for TV steady launch empowers you to construct adaptive UIs. Use the Video Discovery API.
Jetpack Compose: The newest steady BOM launch offers the options, efficiency, stability, and libraries that you have to construct stunning adaptive apps sooner.
Kotlin Multiplatform: Use the brand new Android Studio KMP shared module template, up to date Jetpack libraries, and new codelabs.
Gemini in Android Studio: Use the brand new agentic AI experiences, Journeys for Android Studio and Model Improve Agent.
Android Studio: The newest launch has AI-driven instruments like Gemini in Android Studio.
Google Play: Use enhanced personalization and contemporary methods to showcase your apps and content material.
Play Video games Companies: Migrate PGS v1 options to v2.
Android 16: Take a look at your apps with the newest Beta of Android 16.
On this half one of many I/O 2025 version of Now in Android, we’ve lined Generative AI, Adaptive Apps, Materials 3 Expressive, Automobiles, TV, Put on, and Android 16 from this listing, and the subsequent half will cowl Jetpack Compose, Android Studio, and extra.
That’s it for half one in all our I/O protection in Now in Android, with Materials Expressive, watches, vehicles, tablets, laptops, linked shows, the newest in adaptive app improvement, XR improvement, AI, and Android 16. Half two of our protection will embrace the newest from Android Jetpack, Jetpack Compose, Android Studio, so you’ll want to tune in.
Keep in mind to love, subscribe, share, and keep secure, and are available again right here quickly for extra of Now in Android.
The CISA Zero Belief Capabilities and the Division of Protection (DoD) Zero Belief Capabilities are foundational frameworks developed by U.S. authorities entities to information organizations in adopting a Zero Belief safety mannequin. As somebody who collaborates day by day with Cisco’s Federal and DoD/Intel groups, I wrote this weblog to supply readability on the similarities and variations between these frameworks – providing insights for Cisco groups and different organizations navigating the complexities of Zero Belief implementation.
Whereas each frameworks share the overarching objective of enhancing cybersecurity by minimizing implicit belief and constantly verifying consumer and system identities, they differ in scope, priorities, and operational focus because of the distinct missions and challenges of civilian and protection sectors. This weblog helps federal and DoD/Intel companies, in addition to their companions, perceive methods to tailor their Zero Belief methods to satisfy particular operational necessities, compliance mandates, and safety targets.
By analyzing these frameworks facet by facet, this weblog highlights greatest practices and exhibits how Zero Belief rules will be utilized throughout various environments to reinforce resilience towards evolving cyber threats. Understanding of the CISA framework helps groups information civilian companies and personal sector organizations by way of incremental Zero Belief adoption utilizing versatile Cisco options. In the meantime, DoD experience helps defense-grade options for securing mission-critical environments and addresses superior adversarial ways. Finally, mastering each frameworks cultivates success for purchasers throughout the U.S. public sector and protection panorama.
Beneath is an in depth evaluation of the distinctions and commonalities between the CISA and DoD Zero Belief Capabilities frameworks.
Objective and Viewers
CISA Zero Belief Capabilities
Viewers: Primarily targets civilian companies, federal organizations, state and native governments, and personal sector entities inside important infrastructure.
Objective: Offers a broad, high-level steering doc for transitioning to a Zero Belief structure throughout various sectors. The objective is to enhance cybersecurity posture throughout the U.S. authorities and personal sector by providing sensible steps.
Viewers: Completely tailor-made for the Division of Protection and its related organizations, together with navy branches, contractors, and mission-critical methods.
Objective: A extremely detailed and rigorous framework designed to safe categorized and unclassified DoD methods towards superior persistent threats (APTs) and adversarial nation-states.
Focus: Protection-specific use instances, mission-critical environments, and nationwide safety targets. The DoD framework contains stringent necessities for safeguarding delicate navy information and operational infrastructure.
Frameworks and Scope
CISA Zero Belief Maturity Mannequin Capabilities
Framework: Primarily based on the NIST 800-207 Zero Belief Structure Framework, the CISA mannequin interprets into sensible, incremental steering tailor-made to federal companies’ operational wants and maturity ranges. Scope: CISA focuses on 5 pillars:
Identification: Steady verification of customers and gadgets.
Machine: Making certain gadgets are safe and approved.
Community/Atmosphere: Segmentation and safe entry to assets.
Software/Workload: Safe and monitored software entry.
Knowledge: Knowledge encryption, classification, and entry management.
DoD Zero Belief Technique Capabilities
Framework: DoD emphasizes end-to-end Zero Belief for categorized, unclassified, and operational environments, with a powerful give attention to adversary ways and nationwide protection.
Scope: DoD defines 7 pillars of Zero Belief, that are extra granular and defense-specific:
Consumer: Identification, credentialing, and entry administration tailor-made for mission assurance.
Machine: Rigorous endpoint safety, together with IoT/OT methods.
Community/Atmosphere: Community segmentation, micro-segmentation, and software-defined perimeters.
Software and Workload: Securing mission-critical software program and workloads.
Knowledge: Superior information tagging, safety, and encryption for categorized and operational information.
Visibility and Analytics: Actual-time logging, monitoring, and AI/ML-driven risk detection.
Automation and Orchestration: Automation of safety responses to scale back human error and enhance pace.
Implementation and Steerage
CISA Zero Belief Maturity Mannequin Capabilities
Implementation: Offers companies with a maturity mannequin to trace their progress (e.g., conventional, superior, and optimum Zero Belief maturity ranges).
Steerage: Encourages companies to undertake business applied sciences and observe greatest practices for securing methods incrementally.
Focus Areas:
Identification and entry administration (IAM) with multi-factor authentication (MFA).
Community segmentation for isolating delicate methods.
Knowledge encryption and monitoring.
DoD Zero Belief Technique Capabilities
Implementation: Requires strict compliance with the DoD Cybersecurity Maturity Mannequin Certification (CMMC) for contractors and adherence to mission-critical safety requirements.
Steerage: Mandates defense-grade instruments, applied sciences, and protocols (e.g., categorized communication networks, superior risk looking, and insider risk prevention mechanisms).
Focus Areas:
Superior adversary ways equivalent to nation-state threats.
Safe operational know-how (OT) and weapons methods.
Integration with defense-specific applied sciences like safe satellite tv for pc communications and categorized information methods.
Threat Tolerance and Flexibility
CISA Zero Belief Mannequin Capabilities
Threat Tolerance: Designed for environments with various ranges of threat tolerance. Encourages incremental adoption and adaptability primarily based on company maturity.
Flexibility: A broad and adaptable framework for various organizations, together with these with restricted assets.
DoD Zero Belief Technique Capabilities
Threat Tolerance: Operates with a near-zero threat tolerance because of the important nature of protection operations. Focuses on eliminating single factors of failure and securing the whole ecosystem.
Flexibility: Minimal flexibility because of the inflexible necessities for nationwide protection and mission assurance.
Similarities and Variations Abstract
To assist visualize the place these frameworks align – and the place they diverge – Desk 1 summarizes the important thing similarities and distinctions between the 2.
Class
CISA 5 Pillars of Zero Belief
DoD Seven Pillars of Zero Belief
Key Insights
Determine
Determine
Consumer (Identification)
Each emphasize securing consumer id, authentication, and entry management primarily based on id verification.
Machine
Machine
Machine
Each frameworks embody system safety and trustworthiness as a key pillar.
Community
Community
Community/Atmosphere
Each give attention to segmenting and securing community entry to scale back assault surfaces.
Software/Workload
Software/Workload
Software/Workload
Each embody securing purposes and workloads by way of entry controls and authentication mechanisms.
Knowledge
Knowledge
Knowledge
Each prioritize securing and monitoring information, guaranteeing correct entry controls and encryption.
Visibility/Analytics
Not Explicitly Listed
Visibility and Analytics
DoD features a pillar for analytics and monitoring, whereas CISA incorporates visibility throughout all pillars.
Automation/Orchestration
Not Explicitly Listed
Automation and Orchestration
DoD provides an express pillar for automation, which is implied however not individually listed in CISA’s framework.
Key Observations:
Similarities Each frameworks share a standard basis in securing id, gadgets, networks, purposes/workloads, and information. Additionally they emphasize the core rules of Zero Belief: “by no means belief, at all times confirm,” least privilege entry, and steady monitoring. Aligned with NIST 800-207, each use its rules as a basis. Whereas they share related pillars equivalent to Identification, Machine, Community, and Knowledge, the DoD provides extra particular classes (e.g., Visibility and Automation).
NIST Particular Publication 800-207, titled Zero Belief Structure (ZTA), is a framework revealed by NIST that gives tips for implementing Zero Belief rules in IT methods. The doc serves as a foundational useful resource for organizations aiming to modernize their cybersecurity defenses and scale back the danger of information breaches and unauthorized entry.
Variations The DoD framework provides two extra pillars for Visibility/Analytics and Automation/Orchestration, emphasizing the necessity for steady monitoring and automatic responses. CISA incorporates facets of visibility and automation throughout its 5 pillars however doesn’t outline them as separate classes.
Desk 2: Key Variations of CISA and DoD Zero Belief Fashions helps make clear the variations with the 2 frameworks.
Side
CISA Zero Belief
DoD Zero Belief
Viewers
Civilian companies, non-public sector
DoD, navy, contractors
Scope
Generalized for broad use
Protection-specific and mission-critical
Pillars
5 pillars
7 pillars
Implementation
Incremental, versatile
Strict, inflexible
Threat Tolerance
Varies
Close to-zero
Expertise Steerage
Encourages business options
Requires defense-grade options
Abstract
The CISA and DoD Zero Belief Capabilities characterize two complementary approaches to strengthening cybersecurity throughout the U.S. authorities. The CISA Zero Belief Capabilities present a broad, versatile roadmap for implementing Zero Belief in civilian and personal sector environments. In distinction, the DoD Zero Belief Capabilities are a extremely detailed and stringent framework tailor-made to the distinctive necessities of nationwide protection. Whereas each share the frequent objective of fortifying cybersecurity, their differing ranges of element and focus replicate the distinct operational contexts and priorities of their goal audiences.
By evaluating these approaches, it turns into evident that each play important roles in advancing the nation’s general cybersecurity posture. CISA’s steering fosters widespread adoption and consistency throughout sectors, whereas the DoD’s stringent necessities guarantee the best stage of safety for important protection methods. Collectively, they underscore the significance of Zero Belief as a foundational cybersecurity technique, tailored to satisfy the varied wants of each civilian and protection domains.
Rawat mentioned IBM’s incident response seems gradual and ineffective, hinting at procedural or useful resource limitations. The scenario additionally raises issues about IBM Cloud’s adherence to zero belief ideas, its automation in menace response, and the general enforcement of safety controls.
“The latest IBM Cloud outages are a part of a broader sample of recent cloud dependencies being over-consolidated, under-observed, and poorly decoupled. Most enterprises — and regulators — are inclined to scrutinise cloud methods by the lens of knowledge sovereignty, compute availability, and regional storage compliance. But it’s usually the non-data-plane companies—identification decision, DNS routing, orchestration management — that introduce systemic publicity,” mentioned Sanchit Vir Gogia, chief analyst and CEO at Greyhound Analysis.
Gogia mentioned this blind spot isn’t distinctive to IBM. Comparable disruptions throughout different hyperscalers — starting from IAM outages at Google Cloud to DNS failures at Azure — illustrate the identical lesson: resilience should embody architectural readability and blast radius self-discipline for each layer that permits platform operability.
Such frequent outages can set off fast compliance alarms and result in reassessments in tightly regulated industries like banking, healthcare, telecommunications, and power, the place even temporary disruptions carry severe dangers.
IBM didn’t instantly reply to a request for remark.
Nonetheless, including to the issues, IBM had issued a safety bulletin stating its QRadar Software program Suite, its menace detection and response resolution, had a number of safety vulnerabilities. These included points like a failure to invalidate classes post-logout, which may result in consumer impersonation, and a weak spot permitting anauthenticated consumer to trigger a denial of service by to improperly validating API information enter. To keep up safety, IBM suggested prospects to replace their techniques promptly.
In response to Greyhound Analysis, almost 67 % of worldwide CIOs determine software program maturity, notably in middleware and runtime optimization, as the first barrier to adopting alternate options to Nvidia.
Brium’s compiler-based strategy to AI inference may ease this dependency. Whereas Nvidia nonetheless leads amongst builders, AMD’s increasing open-source stack, now backed by Brium, goals to spice up efficiency and portability throughout extra AI environments.
“Brium addresses probably the most persistent gaps in enterprise AI deployment: the reliance on CUDA-optimized toolchains,” mentioned Sanchit Vir Gogia, chief analyst & CEO of Greyhound Analysis. “By specializing in inference optimization and hardware-agnostic compatibility, Brium permits pretrained fashions to execute throughout a wider vary of accelerators with minimal efficiency trade-offs.”
Whereas it gained’t instantly equalize the enjoying area, it offers AMD a stronger foothold in constructing a coherent, open different to Nvidia’s tightly built-in stack.
The acquisition additionally indicators a shift in AMD’s technique from a hardware-centric focus to a broader push for full-stack AI platform competitiveness.
“This wave of software-led acquisitions indicators AMD’s readiness to compete in essentially the most decisive enviornment of enterprise AI: belief,” Gogia mentioned. “Nod.AI’s compiler work, Mipsology’s FPGA bridge, Silo AI’s MLOps capabilities, and now Brium’s runtime optimization signify a deliberate effort to serve each part of the AI mannequin lifecycle.”
Enterprises trying to migrate AI workloads from Nvidia to AMD {hardware} face three main hurdles.
“First, software program incompatibility is a serious hurdle as a result of many AI fashions and pipelines are CUDA-optimized for Nvidia and don’t run natively on AMD {hardware}, requiring complicated conversion with frameworks,” mentioned Manish Rawat, semiconductor analyst at TechInsights. “Second, reaching comparable efficiency on AMD GPUs calls for deep experience in AMD-specific reminiscence administration, kernel tuning, and runtime optimization. Third, the ecosystem is Nvidia-centric, with many instruments and libraries missing AMD help, complicating adoption.”
