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Cybercriminals Exploit CSS to Evade Spam Filters and Observe E-mail Customers’ Actions

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Mar 17, 2025Ravie LakshmananInternet Safety / Cyber Risk

Cybercriminals Exploit CSS to Evade Spam Filters and Observe E-mail Customers’ Actions

Malicious actors are exploiting Cascading Type Sheets (CSS), that are used to type and format the format of net pages, to bypass spam filters and monitor customers’ actions.

That is in line with new findings from Cisco Talos, which stated such malicious actions can compromise a sufferer’s safety and privateness.

“The options out there in CSS permit attackers and spammers to trace customers’ actions and preferences, though a number of options associated to dynamic content material (e.g., JavaScript) are restricted in e-mail shoppers in comparison with net browsers,” Talos researcher Omid Mirzaei stated in a report printed final week.

The insights construct upon earlier findings from the cybersecurity firm a couple of spike in e-mail threats leveraging hidden textual content salting within the second half of 2024 with an intention to get round e-mail spam filters and safety gateways.

This system notably entails utilizing official options of the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and CSS to incorporate feedback and irrelevant content material which might be invisible to the sufferer when rendered in an e-mail shopper however can journey up parsers and detection engines.

Cybersecurity

The newest evaluation from Talos has discovered that menace actors are utilizing CSS properties like text_indent and opacity to hide irrelevant content material from being displayed within the e-mail physique. The tip objective of those campaigns, in some instances, is to redirect the e-mail recipient to a phishing web page.

CSS to Evade Spam Filters

Moreover, it has emerged that CSS presents alternatives for menace actors to observe consumer conduct by way of spam emails by embedding CSS properties such because the @media CSS at-rule, thus opening the door to potential fingerprinting assaults.

“This abuse can vary from figuring out recipients’ font and coloration scheme preferences and shopper language to even monitoring their actions (e.g., viewing or printing emails),” Mirzaei defined.

“CSS supplies a variety of guidelines and properties that may assist spammers and menace actors fingerprint customers, their webmail or e-mail shopper, and their system. For instance, the media at-rule can detect sure attributes of a consumer’s setting, together with display dimension, decision, and coloration depth.”

To mitigate the chance posed by such threats, it is really useful to implement superior filtering mechanisms to detect hidden textual content salting and content material concealment, in addition to use e-mail privateness proxies.

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Why federal efforts to expedite environmental allowing in all probability will not


In an effort to expedite the federal allowing course of, the White Home Council on Environmental High quality (CEQ) rescinded its energy to implement the Nationwide Environmental Coverage Act (NEPA), possible attaining the alternative outcome and additional slowing an already lengthy allowing assessment. The modifications, introduced through the Interim Closing Rule launched by CEQ, formally relinquished its authority below the guise of effectivity and expediency, instructing particular person federal companies to proceed with present practices and procedures as a substitute. CEQ concluded that “it could lack authority to concern binding guidelines on companies.”

However in keeping with an evaluation of CEQ’s resolution by the legislation agency Allen Matkins, this transfer is more likely to create future chaos and uncertainty.

“With out uniform rules,” acknowledged the agency, “every particular person company may now impose its personal necessities on the NEPA course of, [resulting] in higher challenges coordinating environmental critiques and allowing amongst a number of companies.”

When Trellis reached out to CEQ for remark, a consultant responded, “CEQ will not be relinquishing its position in NEPA implementation; fairly on the contrary — President Trump’s Govt Order, Unleashing American Power, directs CEQ to work with all companies as they revise their NEPA implementing rules.”

This lack of alignment between official guidelines and administration feedback is more likely to contribute to the challenges talked about by Allen Matkins.

How the dismantling impacts NEPA

NEPA ensures that each one giant initiatives searching for federal allowing to interrupt floor put together an environmental affect assertion or environmental evaluation. Together with CEQ’s rules that present construction for NEPA implementation, the Allowing Council, established in 2015, facilitates the coordination of initiatives granted federal permits and topic to NEPA.

Modifications applied by the Trump administration embody:

  • CEQ will now not have authority over company implementation of NEPA.
  • Every company must revise or embody its NEPA implementing process to expedite allowing approvals.
  • Whereas revising, companies should exclude evaluation of environmental justice in NEPA implementation.

CEQ additionally included directions for companies to slender the scope of “cumulative results evaluation,” eradicating a lot of the assessment course of that investigates environmental affect altogether.

How a CEQ-less NEPA impacts clear vitality initiatives

Consultants imagine that the transfer could have a unfavourable affect on what number of clear vitality infrastructure initiatives transfer ahead general, and the way rapidly.

“Hundreds of electrical energy era initiatives are awaiting approval to connect with the grid,” mentioned Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse (D-R.I.) in a current Surroundings and Public Works Committee listening to. “Hundreds of thousands of engineering development and manufacturing jobs stalled partly due to our incapability construct transmission traces. This should change.”

Think about the $1.8 billion Pantheon Photo voltaic Venture, which is at the moment mired in uncertainty. A Nevada photo voltaic plant on public land, the undertaking started making use of for a allow in 2020 and remains to be mid-process. Based on the Allowing Dashboard — the federal web site that catalogs all present and proposed initiatives making use of for federal permits — Pantheon has nonetheless not performed its environmental affect assertion. That course of was supposed to start in February 2025, however it’s truthful to imagine its standing is up within the air.

Pantheon goes by way of the Bureau of Land Administration. However it’s truthful to imagine, given CEQ’s response to Trellis, that the White Home could have a say in its future.

It’s additionally truthful to imagine {that a} vital quantity of litigation will comply with every particular person company’s revised NEPA guidelines of engagement. Firms and stakeholders at the moment within the allowing software course of ought to count on implementation delays and authorized uncertainties for no less than the following yr.

In different phrases, CEQ’s effort to expedite allowing could create an entire new set of roadblocks, defeating the intent of its current actions.

Provide Chain Assault Targets 23,000 GitHub Repositories

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A vital safety incident has been uncovered involving the favored GitHub Motion tj-actions/changed-files, which is utilized in over 23,000 repositories.

The assault includes a malicious modification of the Motion’s code, resulting in the publicity of CI/CD secrets and techniques in GitHub Actions construct logs.

This vulnerability was detected by StepSecurity’s Harden-Runner, a software designed to safe CI/CD workflows by monitoring community actions and controlling entry on GitHub-hosted and self-hosted runners.

The compromised Motion executes a malicious Python script that dumps delicate knowledge from the GitHub Actions runner’s reminiscence.

The exploit particularly targets Linux environments, the place it makes an attempt to extract secrets and techniques by studying the reminiscence of the Runner Employee course of.

The malicious code was launched by way of a retroactive replace of a number of model tags, all pointing to the identical malicious commit hash.

This refined assault technique allowed the attackers to compromise most variations of the Motion with out instantly elevating suspicion.

Incident Timeline

The incident started on March 14, 2025, and was rapidly recognized by StepSecurity’s anomaly detection capabilities.

By March 15, GitHub had eliminated the compromised Motion, stopping additional use in workflows.

Nevertheless, the repository was later restored with all variations up to date to exclude the malicious code.

To mitigate the affect, StepSecurity launched a safe drop-in substitute for the compromised Motion, recommending that customers exchange all cases of tj-actions/changed-files with step-security/changed-files.

Response

The assault highlights the dangers related to provide chain vulnerabilities in open-source software program.

Whereas there is no such thing as a proof that leaked secrets and techniques have been exfiltrated to distant networks, public repositories are significantly susceptible as their construct logs are accessible to anybody.

Customers are suggested to assessment latest workflow logs for indicators of leaked secrets and techniques and rotate these secrets and techniques instantly if discovered.

An official CVE (CVE-2025-30066) has been printed to trace this incident, emphasizing the necessity for proactive safety measures in CI/CD pipelines.

Are you from SOC/DFIR Groups? – Analyse Malware Incidents & get stay Entry with ANY.RUN -> Begin Now for Free.

5 Ideas From Cellular World Congress 2025


Cellular World Congress 2025 is within the books.

As up to now, the occasion was full of information from a wide range of distributors targeted on community transformation, each enterprise and telco. Vendor bulletins ranged from Wi-Fi to mobile to software-defined networking, however a handful of themes permeated throughout the present.

Beneath are my high 5 ideas from MWC 2025 in Barcelona.

1. Telco Transformation Nonetheless Revolves Round Price Financial savings

If there’s been one constant theme to each MWC I have been to up to now decade it’s that telcos want to rework with a purpose of decreasing prices and creating new, income producing companies. Whereas most telcos I talked to on the present this yr echoed this sentiment, most instructed me their near-term focus is to enhance operational effectivity to chop prices.

In the course of the convention, I attended a panel about telco transformation, which featured audio system from Orange Enterprise, AT&T, KDDI and Cox. I requested whether or not there was any deal with revenue-generating companies, they usually all mentioned the present focus was on operational effectivity. It’s because virtually all telcos run on legacy {hardware}, which tends to lack the agility required to roll out new companies shortly. Service suppliers are actually shifting focus to software-defined networks to allow them to add new companies shortly when given the chance.

Associated:F5 Introduces Converged App Supply and Safety Platform Optimized for AI

2. The Community Performs a Essential Position in AI Success

The hype round AI is at an all-time excessive because the expertise seems to be to reshape the way in which we work and dwell. Nonetheless, many of the expertise focus has been on the chip and server degree, with NVIDIA main the way in which.

The fact is that AI success requires all the IT stack to be modernized, with the community taking part in a vital function. AI is fueled by information, which is scattered in every single place — from information facilities to department places of work to consumer units. The problem is shifting the information to the place it must be, and that’s the function of the community.

The query is whether or not telcos leap on this development and roll out companies associated to AI or if they will be relegated to “dumb pipes.” Telcos will get their probabilities to be related to AI, however they should act shortly.

3. Vendor Partnerships Can Streamline AI Infrastructure

When a market is in its infancy, like AI is as we speak, enterprises and companies suppliers cannot observe many established greatest practices and reference designs when deploying the infrastructure.

Think about the early days of cloud, the place corporations would deploy servers and networks and spend months tuning and tweaking the design. To unravel that timeline, VMware, Cisco and EMC entered right into a three way partnership, VCE, which delivered a turnkey, non-public cloud stack. AI wants related choices.

Associated:5 Takeaways from the Cisco AI Summit

At MWC 2025, Jio Platforms, together with Cisco, AMD and Nokia introduced plans to construct an Open Telecom AI Platform to ship a turnkey AI system. Enterprise patrons can select from a handful of those, together with Cisco’s AI POD and the Pure Storage GenAI Pod. Search for extra of those multivendor choices to streamline AI deployments.

4. Non-public 5G has Lastly Arrived

Probably the most hyped applied sciences of previous MWCs has been non-public 5G, however the tech has largely didn’t dwell as much as the hype. A significant downside is that advocates of 5G steadily positioned it as a alternative for Wi-Fi. The fact is Wi-Fi and personal 5G are extremely complementary, and MWC was full of use instances of this pairing.

One instance got here from HPE. In a dialogue with Phil Mottram, EVP and GM of HPE Clever Edge, which incorporates Aruba Networking, he mentioned how the corporate used each 5G and Wi-Fi to deliver connectivity to followers at the latest Ryder Cup in Rome. Non-public 5G offered backhaul connectivity to distant community nodes, whereas Wi-Fi related cell phones. This eliminated the necessity to dig up the course and lay fiber, which wasn’t allowed on the historic Marco Simone Golf & Nation Membership. Cupboards had been powered utilizing batteries and photo voltaic cells that enabled quick, distant connectivity. This use case might be replicated at concert events, colleges, conferences or anyplace that requires short-term connectivity.

Associated:Nvidia’s Jensen Huang on Management, ‘Tokenization,’ and GenAI Workforce Affect

5. Safety for AI Wants a Rethink

With AI momentum underway, it’s essential to perceive safe the information. The business has made super strides in AI for safety, the place AI is used to enhance safety operations. However the business must focus extra on safety for AI, which seems to be at safe AI payloads.

At MWC, I met with Nathan Howe, VP of Innovation for Zscaler, to debate why zero belief is so vital with securing AI. Conventional networks are designed to let any endpoint discuss to another, which is why the web works so quick. The draw back of that is that if the community is breached, a risk actor can transfer laterally throughout the corporate and steal information from any system till they’re caught, which might usually take months.

Zero belief flips this community mannequin and solely permits endpoint to be related in the event that they’re explicitly allowed, minimizing lateral motion. Zero belief has been used as a alternative for distant entry and VPNs, however corporations ought to think about constructing their security-for-AI technique round it, because it’s the best, greatest strategy to safe information — the inspiration for AI.

Last Ideas

This was one of many extra memorable MWCs in latest historical past. At previous occasions, it appeared just like the telecom and networking industries had been caught in place. Software program-defined WAN and different transitional applied sciences created a little bit of curiosity, however there wasn’t a market shift that was redefining the community. AI is proving to create that shift, and it’s inflicting a rethink of the way in which corporations will construct, function, safe and monetize their networks.



Dobot enters the humanoid robotic race with Atom

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Dobot, a Chinese language developer of collaborative robotic arms, lately introduced it developed a humanoid robotic known as Atom. The corporate is coming into an more and more crowded and nonetheless younger market.

Dobot hasn’t shared a lot about Atom but, nevertheless it has shared a couple of movies of the robotic working autonomously. Atom has 28 levels of freedom and ±0.05mm precision, giving it the power to deal with delicate duties. It additionally works with straight knees, decreasing power consumption by 42% whereas nonetheless having the ability to transfer throughout tough terrains, Dobot mentioned.

Moreover, with 7.7 occasions the industry-standard computing energy and the Robotic Operator Mannequin – 1 (ROM-1), the Dobot Atom can autonomously adapt to unstructured environments.

Based in 2015, Dobot affords collaborative robotic (cobot) arms, SCARA arms, desktop robotic arms, and academic robotic arms. The firm developed its core applied sciences, together with built-in drive and management, good interplay, high-performance movement management, security, and clever sensing methods, in-house. Dobot mentioned it has deployed over 72,000 robots in additional than 80 nations. That is the corporate’s first step within the humanoid robotic market.

The Robotic Report reached out to Dobot for added particulars however didn’t hear again as of press time.

What work will Atom do?

Dobot hasn’t specified which markets it’s concentrating on with its Atom humanoid. Nonetheless, the movies it has launched to this point present it working in kitchens and residential environments. These movies may simply be a relatable method to exhibit the robotic’s manipulation abilities. Nonetheless, in the event that they’re a sign of the robotic’s supposed market, Dobot wouldn’t be the primary humanoid developer to focus on family chores.

1X Applied sciences AS, one other humanoid developer, lately launched its NEO Gamma humanoid. 1X designed NEO Gamma particularly to suit into folks’s houses, with extra pure actions and communication abilities than its earlier fashions. The firm mentioned NEO‘s newest enhancements open the door to beginning inner residence testing.

In distinction to 1X, lots of the different firms growing humanoids are specializing in business functions, beginning with easy supplies dealing with duties in logistics and manufacturing. Examples embody Agility Robotics, which is working with GXO, Schaeffler, Ricoh, and Manhattan Associates, and Apptronick, which lately raised $350 million.

Determine AI, one other giant participant within the house, shipped its Determine 02 humanoid to its first buyer in December. As well as, Determine AI has partnered with OpenAI, which lately restarted its personal robotics analysis group, on speech-to-speech communications with people.

Find out about humanoids on the Robotics Summit

Humanoids can be entrance and middle on the Robotics Summit & Expo, which runs April 30-Might 1 in Boston and is produced by WTWH Media, mum or dad of The Robotic Report.

Aaron Saunders, chief know-how officer (CTO) of Boston Dynamics, is giving the opening keynote on Day 2 of the occasion. He’ll talk about the lately redesigned Atlas robotic and share his ideas in regards to the future humanoids.

The primary day of the present will function a panel in regards to the state of humanoids with Pras Velagapudi, CTO at Agility Robotics; Aaron Prather, director of robotics and autonomous methods at ASTM Worldwide; and Al Makke, director of engineering at Schaeffler. The panel will discover the technical and enterprise challenges shaping the event of humanoids. It would additionally share insights from early deployments, what’s on the horizon, and the continuing efforts to ascertain security requirements.

The Robotics Summit & Expo will convey collectively greater than 5,000 builders centered on constructing robots for quite a lot of business industries. Attendees will acquire insights into the most recent enabling applied sciences, engineering finest practices, and rising traits.

The occasion will function over 200 exhibitors70-plus audio system on stage, 10+ hours of devoted networking time, a Ladies in Robotics Breakfast, a profession honest, startup showcase, and extra. Returning to the present are the RBR50 Pavilion and RBR50 Awards Dinner, which is able to honor the winners of the annual RBR50 Robotics Innovation Awards.